Academic achievement is critical to the future success of every learner, and a lack of attention to this fundamental issue can reduce academic achievement and increase educational costs. Design a cross-sectional descriptive study on research subjects who are full-time nursing students in their 2nd year studying at the Faculty of Nursing, Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, to determine the relationship between their critical thinking abilities, preferred learning style, and academic performance. Research shows that most students have relatively weak critical thinking ability (mean score is 12.56 ± 1.04 points). Most nursing students preferred the Divergent (concrete experience/reflective observation) learning style, with 43.6%. Critical thinking capacity positively correlates with students' academic achievement (r = 0.35, p = 0.02). There is a statistically significant relationship between learning style and academic achievement of nursing students (p < 0.05). From the above research results, it is suggested that nursing educators have strategies to improve critical thinking among students and create learning environments suitable for students' learning styles.